大型载人航天器电缆网铺设工艺优化方法探究

以某大型载人航天器的电缆铺设工作为背景,针对电缆数量庞大、分支繁多、布局复杂的情况,在现行的三维模型指导总装的模式下,运用三维虚拟仿真技术和信息提取与模型二次开发的手段,提出了一种电缆网铺设工艺优化的思路和方法,用以降低复杂电缆网铺设工作的难度,提高铺设效率,可以为大型复杂航天器电缆铺设工作提供借鉴。     

通航示范区如何先行先试?

正"通航示范区的示范意义在于集合政策与行业资源,先行先试,尽快形成产业形态与产业集聚,体现通航产业规模及社会经济效应,提振政府及行业信心,带动全国发展。"我国通用航空产业前景广阔,已成为国家供给侧结构性改革、培育发展新动能的重点行业之一。自国务院办公厅《关于促进通用航空业发展的指导意见》出台以来,国家发改委牵头陆续推出一系列落实指导意见精神的实质性举措。     

A non-local vectorial total variational model for multichannel SAR image speckle suppression

This paper aims at the multichannel synthetic aperture radar(SAR)image speckle reduction.This paper proposes a novel energy minimized regularization model for multichannel image denoising,which is an extension of the non-local total variational model for gray-scale image.It contains two terms,namely the vectorial data fidelity term and the non-local vectorial total variation term.The latter is constructed by high-dimensional non-local gradient that contains the structure information of the multichannel image.The existence and the uniqueness of the solution of the model are proved.A fixed point iterative algorithm is designed to acquire the solution of this model.The convergence property of this algorithm is proved as well.This model is applied to the multipolarimetric and multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 images despeckling.The result shows that this model performs better than the original vectorial total variational model on texture preserving.     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

Vision-based bio-inspired guidance law for small aerial vehicle

During predation, a flying insect can form a stealth flight path. This behavior is called motion camouflage. Based on the study results of this behavior, the perception and neurology of flying insects, a novel bio-inspired guidance law is proposed for the terminal guidance for small aerial vehicle with charge-coupled device imaging seekers. The kinematics relationship between a small aerial vehicle and target is analyzed, and a two-dimensional guidance law model is established by using artificial neural networks. To compare with the proportional guidance law, the numerical simulations are carried out in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane respectively. The simulation results show that the ballistic of the small aerial vehicle is straighter and the normal acceleration is smaller by using the bio-inspired guidance law than by using the proportional guidance law. That is to say, the bio-inspired guidance law just uses the information of the target from the imaging seeker,but the performance of it can be better than that of the proportional guidance law.     

航空涡轮叶片气膜孔参数化建模研究

介绍了航空涡轮叶片气膜孔参数化建模的现状,分析了其参数化建模的难度。提取了气膜孔参数化建模的参数,提出了以一组气膜孔为对象的参数化建模流程及参数检查方法,解决了涡轮叶片设计过程中气膜孔反复修改耗时耗力的问题,从而提高了涡轮叶片的设计效率。     

寿命的可靠性综论(四)——使用寿命的加速寿命试验

产品寿命(包括使用寿命)取决于环境、材料、结构、装配、加工等多种应力因素。但在产品研发阶段,开展使用条件下的几年甚至几十年的寿命试验来得出产品寿命可靠性的规律是不现实的。因此,只能用一、两种主要因素的加速寿命试验结果来外推或用相似产品法综合估算寿命可靠性规律,以此作为维修性设计及确定寿命周期成本(LCC)的依据。实际工作中,必须开展使用条件下的寿命试验并对现场寿命数据进行收集、统计、分析,得出实际的寿命可靠性规律,修正产品研发时的寿命估算值,从而修改维修性计划。常用的加速寿命试验结果外推一般采用简单最小二乘法(OLS)。本文指出,加速寿命试验的结果不符合OLS的条件,应改为加权最小二乘法(WLS)。     

可调高压导叶对1＋1/2对转涡轮性能影响的数值研究

对1＋1/2对转涡轮高压导叶转动不同角度后不同落压比时的涡轮性能进行了数值计算和分析,获得了不同导叶开度和不同落压比对涡轮性能影响的关系曲线.结果表明,高压导叶转角的变化可以有效地调节1＋1/2对转涡轮的流量;当导叶打开时,随着落压比的变化涡轮效率存在一个峰值,当导叶关闭时,涡轮效率随落压比的减小持续降低,并且降低的幅...     

高超声速飞行器的神经网络PID控制

高超声速飞行器是一种强耦合性、存在不确定性和高度非线性的复杂控制系统,在其应用神经网络PID控制方法进行纵向通道的姿态控制时,将控制系统分为快慢内外环,基于神经网络控制理论,针对高超声速飞行器的动力学模型和运动学模型设计单神经元PID控制律和PID神经网络控制律,推导了权值调整的学习算法。仿真结果表明,高超声速飞行器的神经网络PID控制系统能够有效抑制气动参数变化的影响,较好地跟踪期望攻角,有较强的鲁棒性。     

Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.